There are some “bad” words in English that are considered unfit for use in polite society and are therefore not published in newspapers like ours. Terms like “cursing” and “swearing” are popular euphemisms for these “dirty” words. While some scholars believe that these words are distinct linguistic forms, others include them as part of a broader category of “taboo” language that encompasses vulgar expressions, obscenity, or profanity. Cursing is often linked to religious restrictions, while swearing, especially the use of expletives, is often deemed as “indecent” language.
The term “taboo” has its origins in Polynesian culture, stemming from words like “tabu” or “tapu” in the Tongan language. It was introduced into English during the eighteenth century by the explorer Captain Cook, who described various applications of the word “taboo” in the context of diverse “avoidance customs”. Taboo can function as a means of dictating human conduct and controlling thoughts. The original Polynesian concept carried a distinct religious connotation, where the use of taboo words was considered offensive to God.
Understanding taboo words does not come naturally but rather through the learning of societal norms, often through elders’ disapproval or, sometimes, an act of rebellion. The use of taboo language has been a part of human communication for centuries. In Shakespeare’s play, The Tempest, the character Caliban uses the linguistic skills he has acquired to curse and rebel against oppression. Swear words and taboo expressions are common in books, cinema, music, and everyday discourse, enabling people to convey intense emotions and engage in unpleasant exchanges. However, these words also have the potential to shock or offend.
Taboo words are not inherently indecent but are subject to change over time and cultural norms. The categorization of language as “taboo” is contingent upon cultural norms and not any inherent linguistic characteristics. In the context of modern Western culture, “taboo” words are intrinsically linked with the principles of politeness, and aspiring for social engagement that revolves around conduct characterized by courtesy, respect, restraint, and taking utmost care not to offend.
In conclusion, “bad” words should be entirely avoided or used sparingly, especially in the presence of “mixed company”. If at all they are used, it should be judicious and only for a special effect.
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